Human Digestive System
Q1. What is the primary function of the digestive system?
a) Circulation
b) Respiration
c) Digestion and absorption of nutrients
d) Excretion
Answer: c) Digestion and absorption of nutrients
Q2. Where does the process of digestion begin in the human body?
a) Stomach
b) Small intestine
c) Mouth
d) Large intestine
Answer: c) Mouth
Q3. Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down carbohydrates in the mouth?
a) Amylase
b) Pepsin
c) Lipase
d) Trypsin
Answer: a) Amylase
Q4. Where is bile produced in the human body?
a) Liver
b) Gallbladder
c) Stomach
d) Pancreas
Answer: a) Liver
Q5. Which organ stores bile produced by the liver?
a) Liver
b) Gallbladder
c) Stomach
d) Pancreas
Answer: b) Gallbladder
Q6. What is the function of bile in digestion?
a) Breaks down proteins
b) Emulsifies fats
c) Breaks down carbohydrates
d) Neutralizes stomach acid
Answer: b) Emulsifies fats
Q7. Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down proteins in the stomach?
a) Amylase
b) Pepsin
c) Lipase
d) Trypsin
Answer: b) Pepsin
Q8. Where does most of the absorption of nutrients occur in the digestive system?
a) Stomach
b) Small intestine
c) Large intestine
d) Esophagus
Answer: b) Small intestine
Q9. What is the function of the pancreas in digestion?
a) Produces bile
b) Stores bile
c) Produces digestive enzymes
d) Stores digestive enzymes
Answer: c) Produces digestive enzymes
Q10. Which of the following is NOT part of the human digestive system?
a) Liver
b) Pancreas
c) Kidney
d) Gallbladder
Answer: c) Kidney
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Q11. What is the main function of the small intestine in the digestive system?
a) Absorption of nutrients
b) Production of digestive enzymes
c) Storage of bile
d) Mixing and churning of food
Answer: a) Absorption of nutrients
Q12. Which of the following is NOT a part of the small intestine?
a) Duodenum
b) Jejunum
c) Ileum
d) Colon
Answer: d) Colon
Q13. What is the role of intestinal villi in the small intestine?
a) Absorption of nutrients
b) Production of digestive enzymes
c) Mixing and churning of food
d) Storage of bile
Answer: a) Absorption of nutrients
Q14. Which of the following is a function of the large intestine?
a) Absorption of nutrients
b) Production of digestive enzymes
c) Storage of bile
d) Absorption of water and electrolytes
Answer: d) Absorption of water and electrolytes
Q15. What is the name of the process by which food is moved through the digestive tract (esophagus)?
a) Peristalsis
b) Segmentation
c) Emulsification
d) Digestion
Answer: a) Peristalsis
Q16. Where does most of the digestion of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins occur in the digestive system?
a) Mouth
b) Stomach
c) Small intestine
d) Large intestine
Answer: c) Small intestine
Q17. Which of the following is a function of the liver in digestion?
a) Production of bile
b) Absorption of nutrients
c) Production of digestive enzymes
d) Storage of bile
Answer: a) Production of bile
Q18. What is the function of the gallbladder in digestion?
a) Production of bile
b) Absorption of nutrients
c) Storage and concentration of bile
d) Production of digestive enzymes
Answer: c) Storage and concentration of bile
Q19. Which of the following is NOT a digestive enzyme?
a) Amylase
b) Pepsin
c) Insulin
d) Lipase
Answer: c) Insulin
Q20. What is the name of the muscular opening at the end of the rectum through which waste material is eliminated from the body?
a) Anus
b) Esophagus
c) Urethra
d) Trachea
Answer: a) Anus
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Q21. What is the primary function of the esophagus in the digestive system?
a) Absorption of nutrients
b) Production of digestive enzymes
c) Mixing and churning of food
d) Transport of food to the stomach
Answer: d) Transport of food to the stomach
Q22. What is the role of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?
a) Break down proteins
b) Emulsify fats
c) Neutralize stomach acid
d) Absorb nutrients
Answer: a) Break down proteins
Q23. Which of the following is a function of the pancreas in digestion?
a) Production of bile
b) Absorption of nutrients
c) Production of digestive enzymes
d) Storage of bile
Answer: c) Production of digestive enzymes
Q24. What is the name of the ring of muscle that controls the opening between the esophagus and the stomach?
a) Sphincter of Oddi
b) Pyloric sphincter
c) Ileocecal valve
d) Lower esophageal sphincter
Answer: d) Lower esophageal sphincter
Q25. What is the function of mucus in the stomach?
a) Break down proteins
b) Protect the stomach lining from acid
c) Emulsify fats
d) Absorb nutrients
Answer: b) Protect the stomach lining from acid
Q26. Which of the following is NOT a function of saliva?
a) Moistening food
b) Breaking down carbohydrates
c) Breaking down proteins
d) Lubricating food for swallowing
Answer: c) Breaking down proteins
Q27. What is the name of the process by which food is broken down into smaller molecules that can be absorbed by the body?
a) Peristalsis
b) Digestion
c) Absorption
d) Assimilation
Answer: b) Digestion
Q28. Where does the process of chemical digestion begin?
a) Mouth
b) Stomach
c) Small intestine
d) Large intestine
Answer: a) Mouth
Q29. What is the function of bile in digestion?
a) Break down proteins
b) Emulsify fats
c) Neutralize stomach acid
d) Absorb nutrients
Answer: b) Emulsify fats
Q30. Which of the following is NOT a component of gastric juice?
a) Pepsinogen
b) Hydrochloric acid
c) Bile
d) Mucus
Answer: c) Bile
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Q31. What is the function of the gallbladder in digestion?
a) Production of digestive enzymes
b) Storage and concentration of bile
c) Absorption of nutrients
d) Regulation of stomach acid
Answer: b) Storage and concentration of bile
Q32. Which of the following is NOT a part of the small intestine?
a) Duodenum
b) Jejunum
c) Colon
d) Ileum
Answer: c) Colon
Q33. What is the primary function of the villi in the small intestine?
a) Absorption of nutrients
b) Production of digestive enzymes
c) Mixing and churning of food
d) Storage of bile
Answer: a) Absorption of nutrients
Q34. Where are most nutrients absorbed into the bloodstream?
a) Stomach
b) Large intestine
c) Small intestine
d) Esophagus
Answer: c) Small intestine
Q35. What is the function of the appendix in the digestive system?
a) Production of digestive enzymes
b) Storage of bile
c) Absorption of nutrients
d) Immune function
Answer: d) Immune function
Q36. Which of the following is a function of the large intestine?
a) Absorption of water
b) Production of bile
c) Production of digestive enzymes
d) Absorption of nutrients
Answer: a) Absorption of water
Q37. What is the role of peristalsis in the digestive system?
a) Absorption of nutrients
b) Mixing and churning of food
c) Movement of food through the digestive tract
d) Production of digestive enzymes
Answer: c) Movement of food through the digestive tract
Q38. Which of the following is a function of the rectum?
a) Absorption of nutrients
b) Storage of bile
c) Elimination of waste
d) Production of digestive enzymes
Answer: c) Elimination of waste
Q39. What is the name of the enzyme produced by the pancreas that helps digest carbohydrates?
a) Pepsin
b) Lipase
c) Amylase
d) Trypsin
Answer: c) Amylase
Q40. What is the main function of the colon in the digestive system?
a) Absorption of nutrients
b) Production of bile
c) Reabsorption of water and electrolytes
d) Production of digestive enzymes
Answer: c) Reabsorption of water and electrolytes
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Q41. What is the role of hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach?
a) Breaks down proteins into amino acids
b) Emulsifies fats
c) Converts pepsinogen into pepsin
d) Neutralizes stomach acid
Answer: c) Converts pepsinogen into pepsin
Q42. Which of the following is a function of the liver in digestion?
a) Production of bile
b) Absorption of nutrients
c) Production of digestive enzymes
d) Storage of bile
Answer: a) Production of bile
Q43. What is the function of the sphincter muscles in the digestive system?
a) Absorb nutrients
b) Mix and churn food
c) Regulate the flow of food
d) Produce digestive enzymes
Answer: c) Regulate the flow of food
Q44. Where does the process of chemical digestion begin?
a) Mouth
b) Stomach
c) Small intestine
d) Large intestine
Answer: a) Mouth
Q45. What is the function of mucus in the stomach lining?
a) Breaks down proteins
b) Protects the stomach lining from acid
c) Emulsifies fats
d) Absorbs nutrients
Answer: b) Protects the stomach lining from acid
Q46. Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down fats into fatty acids and glycerol?
a) Amylase
b) Lipase
c) Pepsin
d) Trypsin
Answer: b) Lipase
Q47. What is the name of the wave-like muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract?
a) Peristalsis
b) Segmentation
c) Emulsification
d) Absorption
Answer: a) Peristalsis
Q48. Which of the following is NOT a function of the saliva in digestion?
a) Breaks down carbohydrates
b) Moistens food
c) Protects the stomach lining
d) Contains enzymes that break down proteins
Answer: d) Contains enzymes that break down proteins
Q49. What is the function of bile in digestion?
a) Breaks down proteins
b) Neutralizes stomach acid
c) Emulsifies fats
d) Absorbs nutrients
Answer: c) Emulsifies fats
Q50. Where does most of the absorption of nutrients occur in the digestive system?
a) Stomach
b) Small intestine
c) Large intestine
d) Liver
Answer: b) Small intestine
Q51. What is the main function of the gallbladder?
a) Produces digestive enzymes
b) Stores and concentrates bile
c) Absorbs nutrients
d) Produces mucus
Answer: b) Stores and concentrates bile
Q52. What is the role of bicarbonate in digestion?
a) Breaks down proteins
b) Neutralizes stomach acid
c) Emulsifies fats
d) Absorbs nutrients
Answer: b) Neutralizes stomach acid
Q53. Which of the following is a function of the pancreas in digestion?
a) Produces bile
b) Stores bile
c) Produces digestive enzymes
d) Stores nutrients
Answer: c) Produces digestive enzymes
Q54. Where are most of the nutrients from digested food absorbed into the bloodstream?
a) Stomach
b) Small intestine
c) Large intestine
d) Liver
Answer: b) Small intestine
Q55. What is the function of the villi and microvilli in the small intestine?
a) Absorb nutrients
b) Produce bile
c) Mix and churn food
d) Produce mucus
Answer: a) Absorb nutrients
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Q56. Which of the following is NOT a part of the large intestine?
a) Cecum
b) Colon
c) Rectum
d) Duodenum
Answer: d) Duodenum
Q57. What is the main function of the colon in digestion?
a) Absorbs water and salts from the remaining food matter
b) Digests proteins into amino acids
c) Produces bile
d) Emulsifies fats
Answer: a) Absorbs water and salts from the remaining food matter
Q58. Which of the following is a function of the rectum?
a) Absorbs nutrients
b) Stores feces
c) Produces digestive enzymes
d) Neutralizes stomach acid
Answer: b) Stores feces
Q59. What is the name of the process by which undigested food is removed from the body?
a) Digestion
b) Absorption
c) Elimination
d) Secretion
Answer: c) Elimination
Q60. Which of the following is NOT a component of the digestive system?
a) Liver
b) Pancreas
c) Kidney
d) Gallbladder
Answer: c) Kidney
Q61. What is the function of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?
a) Breaks down carbohydrates
b) Emulsifies fats
c) Neutralizes stomach acid
d) Activates pepsinogen to pepsin for protein digestion
Answer: d) Activates pepsinogen to pepsin for protein digestion
Q62. Which of the following enzymes is responsible for breaking down carbohydrates in the mouth?
a) Amylase
b) Pepsin
c) Lipase
d) Trypsin
Answer: a) Amylase
Q63. Where does the process of chemical digestion of proteins begin?
a) Stomach
b) Mouth
c) Small intestine
d) Esophagus
Answer: a) Stomach
Q64. Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver in digestion?
a) Produces bile
b) Stores glucose
c) Detoxifies harmful substances
d) Produces insulin
Answer: d) Produces insulin
Q65. What is the name of the enzyme produced in the stomach that helps digest proteins?
a) Amylase
b) Lipase
c) Pepsin
d) Trypsin
Answer: c) Pepsin
Q66. What is the function of the sphincter muscles in the digestive system?
a) Absorb nutrients
b) Produce digestive enzymes
c) Mix and churn food
d) Regulate the flow of food through the digestive tract
Answer: d) Regulate the flow of food through the digestive tract
Q67. What is the role of bile in digestion?
a) Breaks down proteins
b) Emulsifies fats
c) Neutralizes stomach acid
d) Absorbs nutrients
Answer: b) Emulsifies fats
Q68. Which of the following is NOT a part of the small intestine?
a) Duodenum
b) Jejunum
c) Ileum
d) Cecum
Answer: d) Cecum
Q69. What is the function of the appendix in the digestive system?
a) Absorbs water and salts from the remaining food matter
b) Stores bile
c) Stores feces
d) Plays a role in immune function
Answer: d) Plays a role in immune function
Q70. Which of the following is a function of the digestive system?
a) Regulation of body temperature
b) Regulation of blood pressure
c) Absorption of nutrients
d) Production of hormones
Answer: c) Absorption of nutrients
Q71. What is the primary site for nutrient absorption in the digestive system?
a) Stomach
b) Small intestine
c) Large intestine
d) Esophagus
Answer: b) Small intestine
Q72. Which part of the digestive system is responsible for water reabsorption?
a) Stomach
b) Small intestine
c) Large intestine
d) Esophagus
Answer: c) Large intestine
Q73. What substance protects the lining of the stomach from acidic gastric juices?
a) Mucus
b) Bile
c) Pepsin
d) Amylase
Answer: a) Mucus
Q74. Which part of the digestive system is primarily involved in the digestion of fats?
a) Stomach
b) Small intestine
c) Large intestine
d) Esophagus
Answer: b) Small intestine
Q75. Where is bile stored before it is released into the small intestine?
a) Liver
b) Pancreas
c) Gallbladder
d) Stomach
Answer: c) Gallbladder
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Q76. Which enzyme is responsible for the digestion of fats?
a) Amylase
b) Pepsin
c) Lipase
d) Trypsin
Answer: c) Lipase
Q77. What is the role of the microvilli in the small intestine?
a) Increase surface area for absorption
b) Secrete digestive enzymes
c) Produce mucus
d) Transport bile
Answer: a) Increase surface area for absorption
Q78. Which of the following is NOT a function of the pancreas?
a) Produces insulin
b) Produces digestive enzymes
c) Stores bile
d) Regulates blood sugar levels
Answer: c) Stores bile
Q79. What is the primary function of the large intestine?
a) Digestion of proteins
b) Absorption of nutrients
c) Absorption of water and electrolytes
d) Digestion of fats
Answer: c) Absorption of water and electrolytes
Q80. What is the term for the rhythmic contractions that move food through the digestive tract?
a) Segmentation
b) Peristalsis
c) Emulsification
d) Churning
Answer: b) Peristalsis
Q81. Which hormone stimulates the production of gastric acid in the stomach?
a) Insulin
b) Glucagon
c) Gastrin
d) Secretin
Answer: c) Gastrin
Q82. What is the main function of the esophagus?
a) Absorption of nutrients
b) Mechanical digestion
c) Transporting food from the mouth to the stomach
d) Producing digestive enzymes
Answer: c) Transporting food from the mouth to the stomach
Q83. Which of the following is NOT a component of gastric juice?
a) Hydrochloric acid
b) Pepsinogen
c) Bile
d) Mucus
Answer: c) Bile
Q84. What is the function of the pyloric sphincter?
a) Controls the release of bile into the small intestine
b) Regulates the passage of food from the stomach to the small intestine
c) Prevents the backflow of food from the stomach to the esophagus
d) Produces digestive enzymes
Answer: b) Regulates the passage of food from the stomach to the small intestine
Q85. Which organ is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances in the body?
a) Stomach
b) Liver
c) Pancreas
d) Small intestine
Answer: b) Liver
Q86. What is the primary function of villi in the small intestine?
a) Secretes digestive enzymes
b) Absorbs nutrients
c) Produces bile
d) Protects the intestinal lining
Answer: b) Absorbs nutrients
Q87. Which part of the digestive system absorbs the majority of digested nutrients?
a) Stomach
b) Small intestine
c) Large intestine
d) Esophagus
Answer: b) Small intestine
Q88. What is the function of saliva in the digestive process?
a) Breaks down proteins
b) Emulsifies fats
c) Moistens and begins the digestion of carbohydrates
d) Neutralizes stomach acid
Answer: c) Moistens and begins the digestion of carbohydrates
Q89. What enzyme in saliva breaks down starches?
a) Pepsin
b) Lipase
c) Amylase
d) Trypsin
Answer: c) Amylase
Q90. Which organ is responsible for producing most digestive enzymes?
a) Liver
b) Stomach
c) Pancreas
d) Gallbladder
Answer: c) Pancreas
Q91. What is the main function of the rectum?
a) Absorption of water
b) Storage of feces
c) Digestion of proteins
d) Secretion of digestive enzymes
Answer: b) Storage of feces
Q92. Which structure prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing?
a) Uvula
b) Epiglottis
c) Soft palate
d) Tongue
Answer: b) Epiglottis
Q93. What is the main function of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?
a) Neutralize stomach pH
b) Digest carbohydrates
c) Kill bacteria and activate pepsinogen
d) Emulsify fats
Answer: c) Kill bacteria and activate pepsinogen
Q94. Which digestive process involves the breakdown of food into smaller pieces without chemical change?
a) Chemical digestion
b) Mechanical digestion
c) Absorption
d) Secretion
Answer: b) Mechanical digestion
Q95. What is the role of the liver in digestion?
a) Produces digestive enzymes
b) Secretes bile to emulsify fats
c) Absorbs nutrients
d) Neutralizes stomach acid
Answer: b) Secretes bile to emulsify fats
Q96. Which part of the small intestine is the primary site for iron absorption?
a) Duodenum
b) Jejunum
c) Ileum
d) Cecum
Answer: a) Duodenum
Q97. What is the role of the enzyme pepsin?
a) Digests fats
b) Digests carbohydrates
c) Digests proteins
d) Neutralizes stomach acid
Answer: c) Digests proteins
Q98. Which nutrient is primarily absorbed in the stomach?
a) Carbohydrates
b) Proteins
c) Fats
d) Alcohol
Answer: d) Alcohol
Q99. What is the role of the large intestine in digestion?
a) Digestion of proteins
b) Absorption of nutrients
c) Absorption of water and formation of feces
d) Production of digestive enzymes
Answer: c) Absorption of water and formation of feces
Q100. What is the function of the mesentery in the digestive system?
a) Secretes digestive enzymes
b) Absorbs nutrients
c) Supports and holds the intestines in place
d) Produces bile
Answer: c) Supports and holds the intestines in place
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Q101. What is the primary function of lacteals in the small intestine?
a) Absorb carbohydrates
b) Absorb proteins
c) Absorb fats
d) Absorb water
Answer: c) Absorb fats
Q102. Which organ secretes bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid in the small intestine?
a) Stomach
b) Liver
c) Pancreas
d) Gallbladder
Answer: c) Pancreas
Q103. What is the function of the enteric nervous system?
a) Regulates the movement of food through the digestive tract
b) Produces digestive enzymes
c) Absorbs nutrients
d) Stores bile
Answer: a) Regulates the movement of food through the digestive tract
Q104. What is the primary function of the gastric pits in the stomach lining?
a) Absorb nutrients
b) Produce digestive enzymes
c) Secrete gastric juice
d) Neutralize stomach acid
Answer: c) Secrete gastric juice
Q105. Which enzyme is produced in the stomach and begins the digestion of proteins?
a) Amylase
b) Lipase
c) Pepsin
d) Trypsin
Answer: c) Pepsin
Q106. Where does the majority of protein digestion occur?
a) Mouth
b) Stomach
c) Small intestine
d) Large intestine
Answer: c) Small intestine
Q107. What is the primary function of bile in the digestive system?
a) Digestion of proteins
b) Neutralizing stomach acid
c) Emulsifying fats
d) Digesting carbohydrates
Answer: c) Emulsifying fats
Q108. Which part of the digestive system is primarily responsible for the absorption of water?
a) Stomach
b) Small intestine
c) Large intestine
d) Rectum
Answer: c) Large intestine
Q109. What is the role of the enzyme trypsin?
a) Digests carbohydrates
b) Digests fats
c) Digests proteins
d) Neutralizes stomach acid
Answer: c) Digests proteins
Q110. Which nutrient is absorbed directly into the bloodstream from the stomach?
a) Carbohydrates
b) Fats
c) Alcohol
d) Proteins
Answer: c) Alcohol
Q111. What is the primary function of the cecum in the large intestine?
a) Absorbs nutrients
b) Produces digestive enzymes
c) Begins the compaction of waste material
d) Emulsifies fats
Answer: c) Begins the compaction of waste material
Q112. Which structure controls the passage of food from the esophagus into the stomach?
a) Pyloric sphincter
b) Ileocecal valve
c) Lower esophageal sphincter
d) Anal sphincter
Answer: c) Lower esophageal sphincter
Q113. What is the primary function of the appendix in the human body?
a) Absorbs nutrients
b) Stores bile
c) Produces digestive enzymes
d) Immune function
Answer: d) Immune function
Q114. Which type of cell in the stomach lining produces hydrochloric acid?
a) Chief cells
b) Parietal cells
c) Mucous cells
d) G cells
Answer: b) Parietal cells
Q115. Which hormone stimulates the pancreas to release bicarbonate-rich juice?
a) Gastrin
b) Secretin
c) Cholecystokinin
d) Insulin
Answer: b) Secretin
Q116. What is the main role of cholecystokinin (CCK) in digestion?
a) Stimulates gastric acid secretion
b) Stimulates bile release from the gallbladder
c) Neutralizes stomach acid
d) Stimulates insulin release
Answer: b) Stimulates bile release from the gallbladder
Q117. Which structure connects the liver and gallbladder to the small intestine?
a) Common bile duct
b) Hepatic duct
c) Cystic duct
d) Pancreatic duct
Answer: a) Common bile duct
Q118. Which part of the digestive system is primarily responsible for the digestion and absorption of nutrients?
a) Stomach
b) Small intestine
c) Large intestine
d) Esophagus
Answer: b) Small intestine
Q119. What is the primary function of the esophageal sphincter?
a) Absorbs nutrients
b) Produces digestive enzymes
c) Prevents backflow of stomach contents
d) Emulsifies fats
Answer: c) Prevents backflow of stomach contents
Q120. What is the primary role of the hormone insulin in digestion?
a) Digests carbohydrates
b) Stimulates bile production
c) Regulates blood sugar levels
d) Neutralizes stomach acid
Answer: c) Regulates blood sugar levels
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